Put the chicken pieces in a nonreactive bowl or container.
2 pounds boneless chicken thighs (cut into small (1/2-inch) pieces)
In a separate small bowl, combine the water with 2 teaspoons of cornstarch, 1 tablespoon of oil, wine or sherry, sea salt, and white pepper; whisk to blend the mixture thoroughly and pour it over the chicken. Cover the bowl and let it marinate for 15 minutes while you prepare the remaining ingredients.
2 tbsp water | 2 tsp cornstarch | 1 tbsp peanut oil (or a neutral flavor oil) | 2 tbsp Shaoxing wine (or dry sherry) | 1 dash fine sea salt | 1 dash white pepper
In a small bowl, combine the rice vinegar, light and dark soy sauces, 2 teaspoons cornstarch, and the sugar. Whisk to blend and set aside.
1 tbsp rice vinegar | 2 tbsp light soy sauce | 1 tbsp dark soy sauce | 2 tsp cornstarch | 2 tsp granulated sugar
In a medium bowl, combine the garlic, ginger, chilies, white and light green parts of the green onions, and the ground peppercorns or black pepper. Set aside.
5 large cloves garlic (mashed and coarsely chopped) | 2 tsp fresh grated ginger | 2 dried red chilies (such as Tien Tsing or de Arbol, seeded and crumbled, or more) | 1/2 tsp freshly ground Sichuan peppercorns or black pepper | 8 green onions, thinly sliced (white & light green for stir-fry and dark green saved for garnish)
In a wok or large skillet, heat 2 tablespoons of peanut oil over high heat. When the oil is hot and shimmering, add the marinated chicken. Cook, stirring constantly, for 4 minutes. Remove the chicken to a bowl and set aside.
2 tbsp peanut oil (divided (or a neutral flavor oil))
Add 1 tablespoon of oil to the wok or skillet and lower the heat to medium-low. When the oil is hot, add the bowl of stir-fry ingredients (the garlic, ginger, chilies, white and light green parts of the green onions, and the ground sichuan peppers or black pepper). Stir-fry for 2 minutes.
1 tbsp peanut oil (divided (or a neutral flavor oil))
Add the chicken back to the wok or skillet and increase the heat to high. Stir-fry for 2 minutes longer.
Whisk the sauce mixture again to blend and add it to the wok; stir fry until the sauce has thickened, about 1 more minute.
Add the peanuts to the wok and transfer the kung pao chicken to a serving dish. Top with the remaining sliced green onion tops (dark green).
1 cup roasted peanuts (preferably unsalted)
Serve the kung pao chicken with hot cooked rice.